| Active Area |
Area (L x H) of the
LCD that has active segments. |
| Annunciator |
A word or special symbol which is driven
as a single segment |
| Array Process |
Method of manufacturing whereby displays
are arranged in rows and columns on a large laminate,
and separated after they are filled with LCD fluid. |
| Backplane |
The common electrode connection. There
can be multiple backplanes in a multiplexed display. |
| Blue Negative |
Display configuration of a backlit
negative image STN display |
| CCFL |
Cold Cathode Florescent Lamp |
| COG |
Chip on Glass construction process |
| COT |
Chip on Tab construction process |
| Common Plane |
See Backplane |
| Contact Ledge |
The area along the edge of the parts
where electrical connections are made. |
| Contrast Ratio |
The ratio of the luminance between the
dark and light areas of the display. |
| Color STN (CSTN) |
Color STN Technology. Each pixel
of a CSTN display is actually 3 separate colored pixels
of Red / Green / Blue. Each of those colors is controlled
individually by the graphic controller chip. So in actually;
a 320 by 240 pixel CSTN display actually contains 960
by 240 individually colored pixels |
| Dual in Line Pins (DIL) |
Two rows of pins attached along parallel
sides of a display. |
| Diffuser |
Translucent material used for light
diffusion placed between backlight lighting sources
and the back side of an LCD. This material will create
a more uniform backlight for an LCD from several unique
sources of light. |
| Direct Drive |
A method of driving a display whereby
individual segments are driven from separate edge connections. |
| Elastomeric Connectors |
A thin conductive material used to make
connections between an LCD and a PC board. |
| ELED |
Edge Lit LED backlight configuration |
| ELP |
Electroluminescence Panel |
| First Minimum |
An LCD construction technique where the
cell geometry is optimized for maximum contrast and
viewing angle. The geometry is different for each LCD
fluid. |
| Font |
The style of a letter or digit. |
| Film compensated STN (FSTN)
|
STN Technology with the addition
of a retardation film to the display that compensates
for the color added by the birefringence effect. This
allows a black and white display to be produced and
provides for a higher contrast and wider viewing angle. |
| Ghosting |
A condition where segments which are
in the "off" condition become slightly visible. |
| Heat Seal Cable |
A thin flexible cable used to connect
the LCD to the PC board which is bonded by heat cured
adhesive at each end. |
| Image Area |
The total area bounded by the display
characters |
| Ink Overlay |
The process of applying opaque, colored
inks to the display to provide colors, or highlight
certain areas of annunciators. |
| LCD |
Liquid Crystal Display |
| Liquid Crystal Fluid |
An organic material which has both liquid
and crystalline properties. |
| LCD Module |
An LCD which includes a PCB, driver electronics,
bezel, and possibly a backlight. |
| Multiplex (Mux) |
A method of driving a display whereby
multiple segments are driven from the same edge connection. |
| Negative Image |
A display which has a dark background
and lighter active segments, i.e. clear characters on
a black background |
| Pixel |
An individual active segment |
| Polarizer |
A stretched polymer which transmits light
in only one axis. A typical display has polarizers on
the front and back. |
| Positive Image |
A display which has a light background
and darker active segments, i.e. black characters on
a silver background. |
| Reflective |
A viewing mode which uses ambient or
other front lighting to provide the illumination for
the display. |
| Segment |
An active area within the display which
can be turned on and off. This can be a single segment
of a 7-segment character, an annunciator, or a pixel
in a dot matrix array. |
| Static Drive |
See Direct Drive |
| Super Twisted Nematic (STN)
|
A type of display which uses fluids which
"twist" greater than 90o. An STN display has
improved viewing angles and contrast at high multiplex
rates |
| Transflective |
Transflective is a type of LCD flat-panel
display. Transflective LCDs combine the best features
of transmissive and reflective LCDs. Specifically, transflective
displays are equally readable in both bright sunlight
and low-light situations.
Normal front-lit reflective displays are easily readable
in sunlight, but difficult to read in low-light situations.
Normal transmissive displays are easily readable in
low-light and typical indoor environments, but unusable
in bright light, such as direct sunlight.
|
| Transmissive |
A viewing mode which cannot use any type
of front lighting to provide the illumination for the
display, it therefore must use a backlight |
| Twisted Nematic (TN) |
Twisted Nematic A type of display where
the liquid crystal fluid rotates the plane of polarization
90o. |
| Viewing Area |
The area of a display which is visible
through a bezel or cut-out in an instrument. This area
is made up of the "Active Area" and the boarder
around the active area. |
| Viewing Angle |
The preferred angle of viewing a display,
usually described in comparison to a clock face, i.e.
12 o'clock for above the normal, or 6 o'clock for below
the normal. |
| Computer
Display Resolution Standards |
| Code |
Resolution |
Ratio |
Description |
| QVGA |
320x240
|
4:03
|
Quarter
Video Graphics Array |
HVGA
|
480x320 |
3:02
|
Half
Video Graphics Array |
VGA
|
640x480 |
4:03
|
Video Graphics Array |
SVGA
|
800x600 |
4:03
|
Super
Video Graphics Array |
XGA
|
1024x768 |
4:03
|
Extended
Graphics Array |
| XGA+ |
1152x768 |
3:02
|
Extended
Graphics Array plus |
| 1152x864 |
4:03 |
SXGA
|
1280x1024 |
4:03 |
Super
Extended Graphics Array |
| WXGA
|
1280x720 |
16:09
|
Wide
Extended Graphics Array |
| 1280x768 |
5:03
|
| 1280x800 |
8:05
|
| 1360x768 |
~16:9
|
| 1366x768 |
~16:9
|
| WXGA+ |
1280x854 |
~3:2
|
Wide
Extended Graphics Array plus |
| 1440x900 |
16:10
|
| 1440x960 |
3:02
|
SXGA+
|
1400x1050 |
4:03
|
Super
Extended Graphics Array plus |
| WSXGA |
1600x900 |
16:09
|
Wide
Super Extended Graphics Array |
| 1600x1024 |
16:10
|
UXGA
|
1600x1200 |
4:03
|
Ultra
Extended Graphics Array |
WSXGA+
|
1680x1050 |
16:10
|
Wide
Super Extended Graphics Array plus |
WUXGA
|
1920x1200 |
16:10 |
Wide
Ultra Extended Graphics Array |
TXGA
|
1920x1400 |
4:03
|
Tesselar
Extended Graphics Array |
QXGA
|
2048x1536 |
4:03
|
Quad
Extended Graphics Array |
WQXGA
|
2560x1600 |
16:10
|
Wide
Quad Extended Graphics Array |
QSXGA
|
2560x2048 |
5:04 |
Quad
Super Extended Graphics Array |
QSXGA+
|
2800x2100 |
4:03 |
Quad
Super Extended Graphics Array plus |
WQSXGA
|
3200x2048 |
25:16:00 |
Wide
Quad Super Extended Graphics Array |
QUXGA
|
3200x2400 |
4:03 |
Quad
Ultra Extended Graphics Array |
WQUXGA
|
3840x2400 |
16:10 |
Wide
Quad Ultra Extended Graphics Array |
HXGA
|
4096x3072 |
4:03 |
Hexadecatuple
Extended Graphics Array |
WHXGA
|
5120x3200 |
16:10 |
Wide
Hexadecatuple Extended Graphics Array |
HSXGA
|
5120x4096 |
5:04 |
Hexadecatuple
Super Extended Graphics Array |
WHSXGA
|
6400x4096 |
25:16:00 |
Wide
Hexadecatuple Super Extended Graphics Array
|
HUXGA
|
6400x4800 |
4:03 |
Hexadecatuple
Ultra Extended Graphics Array |
| WHUXGA |
7680x4800 |
16:10 |
Wide
Hexadecatuple Ultra Extended Graphics Array |
